Table 3.
General mechanisms of modifying chromatin
Transcription factors and cofactors target chromatin modifiers to specific genes |
MicroRNAs target chromatin modifications to specific genes or groups of genes to mediate transcriptional gene silencing |
Variant histone exchange |
Direct phosphorylation of histones via MAPK activated kinases |
Nucleosome remodeling complexes (SWI/SNF, etc.) slide or displace nucleosomes |
Global chromatin modifications, e.g., charge effects |
Histone code |