Fig. 1.
Gut microbiota influences neurodegenerative diseases through various pathways. Research linking changes in the gut microbiota to neurodegenerative diseases is still emerging. There are many established studies linking the pathways influenced by the gut microbiota (neurological, endocrine and immune) to the pathogenesis of neurodegeneration; however, further studies confirming these microbiota-related linkages are required. In addition, there are many studies that confirm a relationship between the endocrine, neurological and immune signaling pathways contributing to the complexity of the neurodegenerative pathology. In the figure, solid lines represent pathways that are confirmed and the dotted lines have yet to be fully established