Table 1.
Grades of acute and chronic cardia inflammation according to clinical group, Helicobacter pylori (Hp) status, and bile reflux index (BRI). Grades 1, 2, and 3 are equivalent to a mild, moderate, and marked increase. For acute inflammation grade 0=absence of polymorphs; for chronic inflammation 0=“normal” numbers of lymphocytes and plasma cells (see text)
| Acute | Chronic | ||||||||
| Group | n | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| NUD | 77 | 59 | 14 | 4 | 0 | 35 | 26 | 14 | 2 |
| GORD | 149 | 122 | 20 | 7 | 0 | 83 | 44 | 20 | 0 |
| Hp+ | 44 | 10 | 24 | 10 | 0 | 2 | 15 | 25 | 2 |
| Hp− | 182 | 171 | 10 | 1 | 0 | 118 | 55 | 9 | 0 |
| BRI≤14 | 188 | 151 | 29 | 8 | 0 | 105 | 57 | 25 | 1 |
| BRI>14 | 38 | 30 | 5 | 3 | 0 | 16 | 13 | 9 | 1 |
GORD, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease; NUD, non-ulcer dyspepsia.
Acute and chronic inflammation of grades 2 and 3 were combined for all analyses.
NUD versus GORD: acute, Pearson χ2 =0.97, df=2, p=0.62; chronic, Pearson χ2=3.08, df=2, p=0.21.
Hp+ versus Hp−: acute, Pearson χ2=114.92, df=2, p<0.0001; chronic, Pearson χ2=94.95, df=2, p<0.0001.
BRI ≤14 versus BRI >14: acute, Pearson χ2= 0.98, df=2, p= 0.61; chronic, Pearson χ2=4.72, df=2, p=0.09.