Figure 3.—
Box plots showing the distribution of the estimators on a single subpopulation. We simulated 5000 relative pairs of each type for each of three values of θ. The top row of plots shows the results when the relative pair comes from a subpopulation with θ = 0.0, whereas the middle and bottom rows of plots show results when the simulations were run with θ = 0.03 and θ = 0.10, respectively. We estimated the relatedness of the individuals using the four moment estimators as well as the maximum-likelihood estimators assuming various values of θ. The symbols for the maximum-likelihood estimators are: M0, θ = 0.00; M1, θ = 0.01; M2, θ = 0.03; M3, θ = 0.05; M4, θ = 0.10; M5, θ = 0.15. The MLE that assumes the correct value of θ for the subpopulation is shaded. The box plots shown contain boxes that extend from the first to the third quartiles of the relatedness estimates, with a line through the box indicating the median. Whiskers extend from the boxes to the most extreme data point that is within 1.5 times the interquartile range from the box.