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. 1994 Oct;68(10):6820–6823. doi: 10.1128/jvi.68.10.6820-6823.1994

Transcription factor AP-2 regulates human immunodeficiency virus type 1 gene expression.

N D Perkins 1, A B Agranoff 1, C S Duckett 1, G J Nabel 1
PMCID: PMC237111  PMID: 8084021

Abstract

Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) gene expression is regulated by an enhancer region composed of multiple potential cis-acting regulatory sites. Here, we describe binding sites for the transcription factor AP-2 in the HIV-1 long terminal repeat which modulate HIV enhancer function. One site is embedded within the two previously described kappa B elements, and a second site is detected further downstream. DNase I footprinting and electrophoretic mobility shift assay experiments demonstrated that AP-2 binds to the site between the kappa B elements. Interestingly, AP-2 and NF-kappa B bind to this region in a mutually exclusive manner. Mutations which disrupt this AP-2-binding site lower basal levels of transcription but do not affect NF-kappa B-mediated induction by tumor necrosis factor alpha in Jurkat T leukemia cells.

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Selected References

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