Skip to main content
NCBI home page
Journal of Virology logoLink to Journal of Virology
. 1988 Nov;62(11):3934–3940. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.11.3934-3940.1988

Cellular proteins that associate with the middle and small T antigens of polyomavirus.

D C Pallas 1, V Cherington 1, W Morgan 1, J DeAnda 1, D Kaplan 1, B Schaffhausen 1, T M Roberts 1
PMCID: PMC253819  PMID: 2845116

Abstract

We have used two-dimensional gel electrophoresis to analyze in more detail the cellular proteins which associate with the middle and small tumor antigens (MT and ST, respectively) of polyomavirus. Proteins with molecular masses of 27, 29, 36, 51, 61, 63, and 85 kilodaltons (kDa) that specifically coimmunoprecipitated with MT were identified on these gels. The 36-, 51-, 61-, 63-, and 85-kDa proteins are probably the same as the proteins of similar sizes previously reported by a number of groups, whereas the 27- and 29-kDa proteins represent proteins that are heretofore undescribed. The 27- and 29-kDa proteins were abundant cellular proteins, whereas the others were minor cellular constituents. The association of each of these proteins with MT was sensitive to one or more mutations in MT that rendered it transformation defective. The association of the 85-kDa protein was the most sensitive indicator of the transformation competence of MT mutants. In addition, the 85-kDa protein was the only associated protein whose association with MT changed consistently in parallel with MT-associated phosphatidylinositol kinase activity. Furthermore, the fraction of the 85-kDa protein which was found associated with the MT complex contained 15 to 20% of its phosphate content on tyrosine. The 36- and 63-kDa proteins complexed with both polyomavirus MT and ST and comigrated on two-dimensional gels with two simian virus 40 ST-associated proteins originally described by Rundell and coworkers (K. Rundell, E. O. Major, and M. Lampert, J. Virol. 37:1090-1093, 1981). None of the other MT-associated proteins associated significantly with ST.

Full text

PDF
3934

Images in this article

3936Image
on p.3936
3937Image
on p.3937
3938Image
on p.3938
3938Image
on p.3938

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Bikel I., Montano X., Agha M. E., Brown M., McCormack M., Boltax J., Livingston D. M. SV40 small t antigen enhances the transformation activity of limiting concentrations of SV40 large T antigen. Cell. 1987 Jan 30;48(2):321–330. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90435-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. Bolen J. B., Thiele C. J., Israel M. A., Yonemoto W., Lipsich L. A., Brugge J. S. Enhancement of cellular src gene product associated tyrosyl kinase activity following polyoma virus infection and transformation. Cell. 1984 Oct;38(3):767–777. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90272-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Carmichael G. G., Benjamin T. L. Identification of DNA sequence changes leading to loss of transforming ability in polyoma virus. J Biol Chem. 1980 Jan 10;255(1):230–235. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Cartwright C. A., Kaplan P. L., Cooper J. A., Hunter T., Eckhart W. Altered sites of tyrosine phosphorylation in pp60c-src associated with polyomavirus middle tumor antigen. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 May;6(5):1562–1570. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.5.1562. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Cepko C. L., Roberts B. E., Mulligan R. C. Construction and applications of a highly transmissible murine retrovirus shuttle vector. Cell. 1984 Jul;37(3):1053–1062. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(84)90440-9. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Cherington V., Morgan B., Spiegelman B. M., Roberts T. M. Recombinant retroviruses that transduce individual polyoma tumor antigens: effects on growth and differentiation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(12):4307–4311. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.12.4307. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Courtneidge S. A. Activation of the pp60c-src kinase by middle T antigen binding or by dephosphorylation. EMBO J. 1985 Jun;4(6):1471–1477. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1985.tb03805.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Courtneidge S. A., Smith A. E. The complex of polyoma virus middle-T antigen and pp60c-src. EMBO J. 1984 Mar;3(3):585–591. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1984.tb01852.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Dilworth S. M. Protein kinase activities associated with distinct antigenic forms of polyoma virus middle T-antigen. EMBO J. 1982;1(11):1319–1328. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1982.tb01317.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. Eckhart W., Hutchinson M. A., Hunter T. An activity phosphorylating tyrosine in polyoma T antigen immunoprecipitates. Cell. 1979 Dec;18(4):925–933. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90205-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. Hunter T., Sefton B. M. Transforming gene product of Rous sarcoma virus phosphorylates tyrosine. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1980 Mar;77(3):1311–1315. doi: 10.1073/pnas.77.3.1311. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Kaplan D. R., Bockus B., Roberts T. M., Bolen J., Israel M., Schaffhausen B. S. Large-scale production of polyoma middle T antigen by using genetically engineered tumors. Mol Cell Biol. 1985 Jul;5(7):1795–1799. doi: 10.1128/mcb.5.7.1795. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Kaplan D. R., Whitman M., Schaffhausen B., Pallas D. C., White M., Cantley L., Roberts T. M. Common elements in growth factor stimulation and oncogenic transformation: 85 kd phosphoprotein and phosphatidylinositol kinase activity. Cell. 1987 Sep 25;50(7):1021–1029. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(87)90168-1. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Kaplan D. R., Whitman M., Schaffhausen B., Raptis L., Garcea R. L., Pallas D., Roberts T. M., Cantley L. Phosphatidylinositol metabolism and polyoma-mediated transformation. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1986 Jun;83(11):3624–3628. doi: 10.1073/pnas.83.11.3624. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Koch W., Carbone A., Walter G. Purified polyoma virus medium T antigen has tyrosine-specific protein kinase activity but no significant phosphatidylinositol kinase activity. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jun;6(6):1866–1874. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.6.1866. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Kornbluth S., Sudol M., Hanafusa H. Association of the polyomavirus middle-T antigen with c-yes protein. Nature. 1987 Jan 8;325(7000):171–173. doi: 10.1038/325171a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Liang T. J., Carmichael G. G., Benjamin T. L. A polyoma mutant that encodes small T antigen but not middle T antigen demonstrates uncoupling of cell surface and cytoskeletal changes associated with cell transformation. Mol Cell Biol. 1984 Dec;4(12):2774–2783. doi: 10.1128/mcb.4.12.2774. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Magnusson G., Berg P. Construction and analysis of viable deletion mutants of polyoma virus. J Virol. 1979 Nov;32(2):523–529. doi: 10.1128/jvi.32.2.523-529.1979. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Markland W., Smith A. E. Mutants of polyomavirus middle-T antigen. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1987 Nov 25;907(3):299–321. doi: 10.1016/0304-419x(87)90011-4. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Morgan W. C., Kaplan D. R., Pallas D. C., Roberts T. M. Recombinant retroviruses that transduce middle T antigen cDNAs derived from polyomavirus mutants: separation of focus formation and soft-agar growth in transformation assays and correlations with kinase activities in vitro. J Virol. 1988 Sep;62(9):3407–3414. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.9.3407-3414.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. Noda T., Satake M., Robins T., Ito Y. Isolation and characterization of NIH 3T3 cells expressing polyomavirus small T antigen. J Virol. 1986 Oct;60(1):105–113. doi: 10.1128/jvi.60.1.105-113.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  22. Pallas D. C., Schley C., Mahoney M., Harlow E., Schaffhausen B. S., Roberts T. M. Polyomavirus small t antigen: overproduction in bacteria, purification, and utilization for monoclonal and polyclonal antibody production. J Virol. 1986 Dec;60(3):1075–1084. doi: 10.1128/jvi.60.3.1075-1084.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  23. Pallas D., Solomon F. Cytoplasmic microtubule-associated proteins: phosphorylation at novel sites is correlated with their incorporation into assembled microtubules. Cell. 1982 Sep;30(2):407–414. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(82)90238-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  24. Parsons S. J., McCarley D. J., Ely C. M., Benjamin D. C., Parsons J. T. Monoclonal antibodies to Rous sarcoma virus pp60src react with enzymatically active cellular pp60src of avian and mammalian origin. J Virol. 1984 Aug;51(2):272–282. doi: 10.1128/jvi.51.2.272-282.1984. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  25. Piwnica-Worms H., Kaplan D. R., Whitman M., Roberts T. M. Retrovirus shuttle vector for study of kinase activities of pp60c-src synthesized in vitro and overproduced in vivo. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Jun;6(6):2033–2040. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.6.2033. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  26. Rassoulzadegan M., Cowie A., Carr A., Glaichenhaus N., Kamen R., Cuzin F. The roles of individual polyoma virus early proteins in oncogenic transformation. Nature. 1982 Dec 23;300(5894):713–718. doi: 10.1038/300713a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  27. Rundell K. Complete interaction of cellular 56,000- and 32,000-Mr proteins with simian virus 40 small-t antigen in productively infected cells. J Virol. 1987 Apr;61(4):1240–1243. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.4.1240-1243.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  28. Rundell K., Major E. O., Lampert M. Association of cellular 56,000- and 32,000-molecular-weight protein with BK virus and polyoma virus t-antigens. J Virol. 1981 Mar;37(3):1090–1093. doi: 10.1128/jvi.37.3.1090-1093.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  29. Schaffhausen B. S., Benjamin T. L. Phosphorylation of polyoma T antigens. Cell. 1979 Dec;18(4):935–946. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90206-x. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  30. Schaffhausen B. S., Bockus B. J., Berkner K. L., Kaplan D., Roberts T. M. Characterization of middle T antigen expressed by using an adenovirus expression system. J Virol. 1987 Apr;61(4):1221–1225. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.4.1221-1225.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  31. Schaffhausen B. S., Silver J. E., Benjamin T. L. Tumor antigen(s) in cell productively infected by wild-type polyoma virus and mutant NG-18. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1978 Jan;75(1):79–83. doi: 10.1073/pnas.75.1.79. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  32. Schaffhausen B. Transforming genes and gene products of polyoma and SV40. CRC Crit Rev Biochem. 1982;13(3):215–286. doi: 10.3109/10409238209114230. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  33. Smith A. E., Smith R., Griffin B., Fried M. Protein kinase activity associated with polyoma virus middle T antigen in vitro. Cell. 1979 Dec;18(4):915–924. doi: 10.1016/0092-8674(79)90204-6. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  34. Smolar N., Griffin B. E. DNA sequences of polyoma virus early deletion mutants. J Virol. 1981 Jun;38(3):958–967. doi: 10.1128/jvi.38.3.958-967.1981. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  35. Templeton D., Eckhart W. Mutation causing premature termination of the polyoma virus medium T antigen blocks cell transformation. J Virol. 1982 Mar;41(3):1014–1024. doi: 10.1128/jvi.41.3.1014-1024.1982. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  36. Treisman R., Novak U., Favaloro J., Kamen R. Transformation of rat cells by an altered polyoma virus genome expressing only the middle-T protein. Nature. 1981 Aug 13;292(5824):595–600. doi: 10.1038/292595a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  37. Walter G., Carbone A., Welch W. J. Medium tumor antigen of polyomavirus transformation-defective mutant NG59 is associated with 73-kilodalton heat shock protein. J Virol. 1987 Feb;61(2):405–410. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.2.405-410.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  38. Whitman M., Kaplan D. R., Schaffhausen B., Cantley L., Roberts T. M. Association of phosphatidylinositol kinase activity with polyoma middle-T competent for transformation. Nature. 1985 May 16;315(6016):239–242. doi: 10.1038/315239a0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Journal of Virology are provided here courtesy of American Society for Microbiology (ASM)

RESOURCES