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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2009 Aug 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Clin Nutr. 2008 Aug;88(2):416–423. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/88.2.416

TABLE 4.

Difference (95% CI) in the ratio of LDL cholesterol to HDL cholesterol (LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol) and in the ratio of apolipoprotein B to apolipoprotein A-I (apo B:apo A-I) by quartile (Q) of serum selenium concentrations (n = 5452)

Q1 (<113.7 ng/mL) Q2 (113.7–123.6 ng/mL) Q3 (123.7–134.6 ng/mL) Q4 (≥134.7 ng/mL) P for trend
Serum LDL cholesterol:HDL cholesterol 2.691 2.67    2.83     2.81
Model 12 0.00 (reference) −0.05 (−0.18, 0.08) 0.04 (−0.13, 0.20)  0.00 (−0.18, 0.17) 0.78
Model 23 0.00 (reference)  0.01 (−0.13, 0.14) 0.12 (−0.03, 0.27)  0.12 (−0.01, 0.25) 0.02
Model 34 0.00 (reference)  0.00 (−0.13, 0.14) 0.11 (−0.04, 0.27)  0.11 (−0.02, 0.25) 0.04
Serum apo B:apo A-I5 0.74 0.73    0.78     0.74
Model 12 0.00 (reference) −0.01 (−0.04, 0.02) 0.02 (−0.02, 0.06) −0.01 (−0.05, 0.03) 0.97
Model 23 0.00 (reference)  0.01 (−0.03, 0.05) 0.04 (0.01, 0.07)  0.03 (0.00, 0.06) 0.009
Model 34 0.00 (reference)  0.01 (−0.02, 0.05) 0.05 (0.02, 0.08)  0.03 (0.00, 0.06) 0.009
1

x̄ within each quartile (all such values).

2

Adjusted for age (continuous), sex (male, female), and race-ethnicity (non-Hispanic white, non-Hispanic black, Mexican American, other).

3

Further adjusted for education (≥12 y of school completed, <12 y of school completed), family income (≥$20 000, <$20 000), postmenopausal status for women (yes, no), cigarette smoking (current, former, never), serum cotinine (continuous), alcohol consumption (current, former, never), physical activity (0, 1-2, ≥3 times/wk), and body mass index (continuous).

4

Further adjusted for cholesterol-lowering medication use (yes, no), vitamin-mineral supplement use (yes, no), glomerular filtration rate (continuous), C-reactive protein (≥1.0 mg/dL, 0.3-0.9 mg/dL, <0.3 mg/dL), diabetes mellitus (yes, no), thyroid-stimulating hormone (continuous), and thyroxine (continuous).

5

Analysis based on subsample of 2589 participants because apo B and apo A-I were only measured during 1988-1991.