Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of study population
| Cases, patients developed ARDS (n = 437) | Controls, patients did not develop ARDS (n = 1014) | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age-yr, mean ± SD | 60 ± 18 | 63 ± 17 | 0.002 |
| Male, n (%) | 264 (60.4%) | 614 (60.6%) | 0.960 |
| APACHE III score, mean ± SD | 77 ± 24 | 67 ± 23 | < 0.001 |
| Risk factors, n (%) | |||
| Sepsis (without shock) | 113 (25.9%) | 376 (37.1%) | < 0.001 |
| Septic shock | 261 (59.7%) | 442 (43.6%) | < 0.001 |
| Pneumonia | 296 (67.7%) | 435 (42.9%) | < 0.001 |
| Aspiration | 43 (9.8%) | 86 (8.5%) | 0.404 |
| Multiple transfusion | 45 (10.3%) | 116 (11.4%) | 0.525 |
| Trauma | 32 (7.3%) | 78 (7.7%) | 0.807 |
| Comorbidity, n (%) | |||
| Post-operative | 28 (6.4%) | 70 (6.9%) | 0.730 |
| Diabetes | 78 (17.9%) | 274 (27.0%) | < 0.001 |
| End-stage renal disease | 27 (6.2%) | 50 (4.9%) | 0.331 |
| Liver cirrhosis/failure | 30 (6.9%) | 38 (3.8%) | 0.010 |
| Metastatic cancer | 13 (3.0%) | 49 (4.8%) | 0.109 |
| History of steroid use | 46 (10.5%) | 91 (9.0%) | 0.354 |
| History of alcohol abuse | 62 (14.2%) | 101 (10.0%) | 0.019 |
ARDS acute respiratory distress syndrome; APACHE Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation