Table 1.
GSL carbohydrate headgroup structures and NP-HPLC retention GU values
| GSL species | Carbohydrate headgroup structure | 2AA GU value |
| LacCer | Galβ1–4Glc | 2.04 |
| GA2 | GalNAcβ1–4Galβ1–4Glc | 2.57 |
| ceramide trihexoside (Gb3) | Galα1–4Galβ1–4Glc | 2.82 |
| isoglobohexosylceramide (iGb3) | Galα1–3Galβ1–4Glc | 2.83 |
| GM3 | NeuNAcα2–3Galβ1–4Glc | 2.93 |
| GM2 | GalNAcβ1–4(NeuNAcα2–3)Galβ1–4Glc | 3.29 |
| GA1 | Galβ1–3GalNAcβ1–4Galβ1–4Glc | 3.72 |
| GM1a | Galβ1–3GalNAcβ1–4(NeuNAcα2–3)Galβ1–4Glc | 4.12 |
| αGal GSL | Uncharacterized | 4.22 |
| GD1a | NeuNAcα2–3Galβ1–3GalNAcβ1–4(NeuNAcα2–3)Galβ1–4Glc | 4.96 |
Species with the hydroxylated analogs of N-acetylneuraminic acid (NeuNAc) and N-glycolylneuraminic acid (NeuGc) had an increase in GU value of 0.4 per sialic acid residue. 2AA, anthranilic acid.