. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2010 May 14.

Published in final edited form as: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 2008 Dec;1147:37–52. doi: 10.1196/annals.1427.015

TABLE 2.

Substrate-Specific Mitochondrial ROS Emission Expressed in Percent to the Rate of Oxygen Consumption

	H₂O₂ production (% from the respiration rate)

Substrate	Resting respiration	Phosphorylating respiration
Citrate	0.71	0.19
Glutamate	0.33	0.05
Malate	0.76	0.07
Malate + Glutamate	0.79	0.08
α-Ketoglutarate	1.07	0.07
Pyruvate	0.89	0.19
Succinate	3.15	0.04

Experimental conditions were as described in Figure 3. The phosphorylating respiration rates were recorded under the same conditions except that the incubation buffer was supplemented with 400 µM ADP. All substrates were added at 5 mM concentration except for the malate plus glutamate, which were added at 1 and 5 mM, respectively.