Table 2.
Effects of IL‐17 on cells of the joint.
| Target cell | Mediators produced | Major functions |
|---|---|---|
| Synovial fibroblasts | IL‐6, IL‐β, IL‐23 | Inflammation, Th17 differentiation |
| CXCL‐1, ‐2, ‐8, CCL‐2, ‐20 | Leukocyte recruitment | |
| G‐CSF, GM‐CSF | Granulopoiesis | |
| COX‐2, PGE2 | Inflammation | |
| VEGF | Angiogenesis | |
| Monocytes/macrophages | IL‐6, IL‐β, TNFα | Inflammation, Th17 differentiation |
| COX‐2, PGE2 | Inflammation | |
| MMPs | Tissue destruction | |
| Chondrocytes/osteoblasts | IL‐6, IL‐β CXCL‐1, ‐5, CCL‐2 COX‐2, PGE2 Nitric Oxide, MMPs VEGF RANK, RANKL | Inflammation, Th17 differentiation Leukocyte recruitment Inflammation Tissue destruction Angiogenesis Bone resorption |
Adapted from Lundy SK et al. Cells of the synovium in rheumatoid arthritis. T lymphocytes. Arthritis Res Ther. 2007; 9(1)202