. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Transl Res. 2011 Feb 1;157(4):163–179. doi: 10.1016/j.trsl.2011.01.007

Table 1.

Diseases	miRNAs	Pathogenic contribution	Reference
Systemic lupus erythematosus	miR146a, ↓PBMC	Targets STAT-1 and IRF-5, negative regulator of Type I interferon pathway	100
	miR-148a and miR-21 ↑CD4⁺ T cells	Target DNA methyltransferase 1 (DNMT1) directly and indirectly, respectively, induces DNA hypomethylation and the expression autoimmune-associated genes.	99
	miR-125a ↓ T cells	Targets Kruppel-like factor 13 (KLF13), Negative regulator of inflammatory chemokine RANTES	101
	Other miRNAs dysregulated in SLE including miR-223, miR-31, miR-371-5p, miR-473-5p.	Unknown	97, 98, 100, 102
Rheumatoid Arthritis	miR-146a, ↑PBMC, CD4T cells, Th-17 cells, synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) and/or synovial tissues	Targets FAF1, Negative regulator of T cell apoptosis	106, 116– 119
	miR-155, ↑PBMC, Th-17 cell, RASFs and synovial tissues	Targets Matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-3/1 in RASFs, Regulation of inflammation and potentially involved in RASFs mediated tissue damages	106, 116, 117
	miR-124a, ↓ synoviocytes	Targets cyclin-dependent kinase 2 (CDK-2) and chemokine MCP-1, Negative regulator of cell proliferation and MCP-1 secretion	120
	Other miRNAs dysregulated in RA including miR-223, miR-132, and miR-16.	Unknown	106, 117, 119, 121
Multiple sclerosis	miR-326, ↑ CD4 T cells	Targets Ets-1, Promotes Th-17 cell differentiation	82
	miR-17-5P, ↓ whole blood and ↑CD4 T cells	Potentially involved in the regulation of T cell activation	125, 126
	miR-20a, ↓ whole blood	Potentially involved in the regulation of T cell activation	126
	miR-34a, miR-155 and miR-326, ↑ MS lesion	Targets CD47, promotes phagocytosis of myelin by releasing macrophage from inhibitory signaling.	122
	Other miRNAs dysregulated in MS including miR-25, niR-18b, and miR-599.	Unknown	123, 124, 127

miRNAs in human inflammatory autoimmune diseases