Table 1.
Subject characteristics*
Background measures | Mean±SD (or %) | |
Age (yrs) | 76.2±4.2 | |
Gender (% women) | 58.8 % | |
Body-mass-index (kg/m2) | 26.6±3.7 | |
Mini-Mental State Exam | 28.8±1.2 | |
Education (yrs) | 13.6±3.8 | |
Fell in past year (%) | 26.7 % | |
SF-36 Health | 69.4±17 | |
PASE | 111.6±67.4 | |
Frenchay Activities Index | 31.2±5.4 | |
Charlson Comorbidity Index | 0.8±1 | |
Prescription medications (#) | 3.7±2.4 | |
Cognitive Function | Executive function index | 99.2±10.7 |
Attention index | 98.8±13.0 | |
Memory index | 99.4±12.2 | |
Visual-spatial function index | 97.1±15.9 | |
Affect | Activities-specific Balance Confidence Scale | 92.2±9.7 |
Geriatric Depression Scale | 4.9±4.5 | |
Trait Anxiety Inventory | 33.4±8.6 | |
State Anxiety Inventory | 31.5±9.9 | |
Performance-based measures of Mobility | Dynamic Gait Index | 22.8±1.5 |
Berg Balance Score | 54.1±2.3 | |
Timed Up and Go (sec) | 9.5± 1.7 | |
Usual-Walking Measures of Gait | Gait Speed (m/sec) | 1.3±0.2 |
Average Swing Time (%) | 37.6±2.3 | |
Swing Time Variability (%) | 2.2±1.0 |
All subjects were fully independent in activities of daily living (ADL’s) (a perfect score on the Barthel scale) and the Frenchay score indicated that subjects did not have major functional deficits or disabilities. Scores on the PASE reflected a level of physical activity consistent with that of healthy older adults. Average scores on the Dynamic Gait Index and the Berg Balance Scale were near perfect and the Timed Up and Go was also consistent with good mobility and low fall risk. Average values of the cognitive function indices were all close to 100.0, the mean value expected for a healthy cohort.