. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2013 Mar 1.

Published in final edited form as: J Autism Dev Disord. 2012 Mar;42(3):367–377. doi: 10.1007/s10803-011-1260-7

Table 3.

Oxidized glutathione levels, protein oxidative damage and oxidative DNA damage (mean ± SD) of autistic case children, paired sibling and age-matched control children

Biomarkers of oxidative stress/damage	Cases (n = 40)	Paired sibling (n = 40)	p Value^*	Controls (n = 54)	p Value^**
% Oxidized GSH (2GSSG/(GSH + 2GSSG))	22 ± 8.1^a	12.7 ± 5.9	<0.001	11.4 ± 4.1	ns
3-Nitrotyrosine (nmol/L)	143 ± 74^a	80 ± 43	<0.001	72 ± 27	ns
3-Chlorotyrosine (nmol/L)	51 ± 18^a	34 ± 17	<0.001	26 ± 11	0.01
8-Oxo-deoxyguanosine (pmol/mg DNA)	95 ± 35^a	65 ± 13	<0.001	63 ± 24	ns

Case-Sibling comparison using paired Student’s t test

^**

Sibling-control comparison using standard Student’s t test, ns not significant

p <0.001; Case–control comparison using standard Student’s t test