Table 1.
Day 1 Clinical Features of Patients With Hepatitis A Virus Enrolled in the Acute Liver Failure Study Group
| Total (n = 29) | Survivors (n = 16) | Transplant/Death (n = 13) | P * | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 48 ± 14 | 44 ± 16 | 54 ± 10 | .44 |
| % Female | 48% | 69% | 23% | .008 |
| Symptom onset to study enrollment (days) | 15.3 ± 12.7 | 10.8 ± 3.7 | 20.9 ± 17.2 | .17 |
| % with >21 days from symptom onset to enrollment | 17% | 0% | 38% | .07 |
| Hospital admission to study enrollment (days) | 3.0 ± 3.3 | 2.4 ± 2.0 | 3.8 ± 4.4 | .95 |
| Mean follow-up (days) | 5.6 ± 5.9 | 6.4 ± 5.7 | 4.5 ± 6.2 | .38 |
| Median follow-up (range) | 4 (1-22) | 5 (1-22) | 2 (1-21) | |
| Race/ethnicity | ||||
| Caucasian | 83% | 74% | 92% | .40 |
| Hispanic/Latino | 7% | 13% | - | - |
| Asian | 7% | 13% | - | - |
| African American | 3% | - | 8% | - |
| Study day 1 labs | ||||
| Lab MELD | 31 ± 6.5 | 29 ± 6.1 | 34 ± 6.1 | .77 |
| INR | 2.8 ± 1.2 | 3.1 ± 1.4 | 2.5 ± 0.6 | .73 |
| Serum ALT (IU/L) | 2606 ± 1626 | 3362 ± 1665 | 1675 ± 1000 | .03 |
| Serum ALT < 2600 (IU/L) | 48% | 25% | 77% | .03 |
| Serum AST (IU/L) | 1417 ± 1336 | 1679 ± 1240 | 1095 ± 1428 | .07 |
| Alkaline phoshatase (IU/L) | 151 ± 72 | 179 ± 82 | 118 ± 37 | .02 |
| Total bilirubin (mg/dL) | 14.5 ± 8.4 | 13.6 ± 9.7 | 15.6 ± 6.6 | .59 |
| WBC (103/mm3) | 9.5 ± 4.6 | 8.7 ± 5.2 | 10.4 ± 3.7 | .23 |
| Hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.8 ± 2.1 | 13.2 ± 2.2 | 12.3 ± 1.9 | .65 |
| Platelet count (103/mm3) | 224 ± 83 | 242 ± 82 | 202 ± 83 | .46 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 2.1 ± 1.9 | 1.2 ± 0.9 | 3.1 ± 2.2 | .04 |
| Creatinine >2.0 (mg/dL) | 31% | 13% | 54% | .20 |
| Phosphate (mg/dL) (n = 21) | 3.1 ± 1.8 | 2.3 ± 0.8 | 3.8 ± 2.2 | .25 |
| pH (n = 23) | 7.48 ± 0.06 | 7.49 ± 0.06 | 7.48 ± 0.07 | .98 |
| Study day 1 complications | ||||
| Grade 3-4 encephalopathy | 52% | 38% | 69% | .33 |
| On pressors | 21% | 0% | 46% | .0004 |
| On hemodialysis | 17% | 6% | 31% | .08 |
| Intubated | 52% | 25% | 85% | .01 |
NOTE. All results reported as % or mean +/− standard deviation with median (range) if non-normally distributed.
Abbreviations: WBC, white blood cell count; AST, aspartate aminotransferase.
*
Comparing spontaneous survivors at 3 weeks versus transplant/death.