Skip to main content
Molecular and Cellular Biology logoLink to Molecular and Cellular Biology
. 1989 Mar;9(3):1342–1345. doi: 10.1128/mcb.9.3.1342

Cell-specific activity of the modulator region in the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early gene.

H Lubon 1, P Ghazal 1, L Hennighausen 1, C Reynolds-Kohler 1, C Lockshin 1, J Nelson 1
PMCID: PMC362729  PMID: 2542767

Abstract

In this paper we demonstrate that modulator sequences upstream of the enhancer of the major immediate-early promoter of human cytomegalovirus exert a differential effect on the level of transcription in a variety of cells and that this region has the capacity to interact with specific nuclear protein. Depending on the cell type, these modulator sequences increased or decreased transcriptional activation from the IE1 gene promoter-enhancer. The cell lines identified in this report should be useful to study the molecular mechanism of cell-specific transcriptional repression and activation exerted by the major immediate-early promoter upstream region.

Full text

PDF
1342

Images in this article

Selected References

These references are in PubMed. This may not be the complete list of references from this article.

  1. Boshart M., Weber F., Jahn G., Dorsch-Häsler K., Fleckenstein B., Schaffner W. A very strong enhancer is located upstream of an immediate early gene of human cytomegalovirus. Cell. 1985 Jun;41(2):521–530. doi: 10.1016/s0092-8674(85)80025-8. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  2. DeMarchi J. M. Post-transcriptional control of human cytomegalovirus gene expression. Virology. 1983 Jan 30;124(2):390–402. doi: 10.1016/0042-6822(83)90355-0. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  3. Dignam J. D., Lebovitz R. M., Roeder R. G. Accurate transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II in a soluble extract from isolated mammalian nuclei. Nucleic Acids Res. 1983 Mar 11;11(5):1475–1489. doi: 10.1093/nar/11.5.1475. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  4. Ghazal P., Lubon H., Fleckenstein B., Hennighausen L. Binding of transcription factors and creation of a large nucleoprotein complex on the human cytomegalovirus enhancer. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1987 Jun;84(11):3658–3662. doi: 10.1073/pnas.84.11.3658. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  5. Ghazal P., Lubon H., Hennighausen L. Multiple sequence-specific transcription factors modulate cytomegalovirus enhancer activity in vitro. Mol Cell Biol. 1988 Apr;8(4):1809–1811. doi: 10.1128/mcb.8.4.1809. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  6. Ghazal P., Lubon H., Hennighausen L. Specific interactions between transcription factors and the promoter-regulatory region of the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early gene. J Virol. 1988 Mar;62(3):1076–1079. doi: 10.1128/jvi.62.3.1076-1079.1988. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  7. Gönczöl E., Andrews P. W., Plotkin S. A. Cytomegalovirus replicates in differentiated but not in undifferentiated human embryonal carcinoma cells. Science. 1984 Apr 13;224(4645):159–161. doi: 10.1126/science.6322309. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  8. Hennighausen L., Fleckenstein B. Nuclear factor 1 interacts with five DNA elements in the promoter region of the human cytomegalovirus major immediate early gene. EMBO J. 1986 Jun;5(6):1367–1371. doi: 10.1002/j.1460-2075.1986.tb04368.x. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  9. Jeang K. T., Rawlins D. R., Rosenfeld P. J., Shero J. H., Kelly T. J., Hayward G. S. Multiple tandemly repeated binding sites for cellular nuclear factor 1 that surround the major immediate-early promoters of simian and human cytomegalovirus. J Virol. 1987 May;61(5):1559–1570. doi: 10.1128/jvi.61.5.1559-1570.1987. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  10. LaFemina R. L., Hayward G. S. Replicative forms of human cytomegalovirus DNA with joined termini are found in permissively infected human cells but not in non-permissive Balb/c-3T3 mouse cells. J Gen Virol. 1983 Feb;64(Pt 2):373–389. doi: 10.1099/0022-1317-64-2-373. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  11. LaFemina R., Hayward G. S. Constitutive and retinoic acid-inducible expression of cytomegalovirus immediate-early genes in human teratocarcinoma cells. J Virol. 1986 May;58(2):434–440. doi: 10.1128/jvi.58.2.434-440.1986. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  12. Lubon H., Ghazal P., Nelson J. A., Hennighausen L. Cell-specific activity of the human immunodeficiency virus enhancer repeat in vitro. AIDS Res Hum Retroviruses. 1988 Oct;4(5):381–391. doi: 10.1089/aid.1988.4.381. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  13. Nelson J. A., Groudine M. Transcriptional regulation of the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early gene is associated with induction of DNase I-hypersensitive sites. Mol Cell Biol. 1986 Feb;6(2):452–461. doi: 10.1128/mcb.6.2.452. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  14. Nelson J. A., Reynolds-Kohler C., Smith B. A. Negative and positive regulation by a short segment in the 5'-flanking region of the human cytomegalovirus major immediate-early gene. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Nov;7(11):4125–4129. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.11.4125. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  15. Rice G. P., Schrier R. D., Oldstone M. B. Cytomegalovirus infects human lymphocytes and monocytes: virus expression is restricted to immediate-early gene products. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Oct;81(19):6134–6138. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.19.6134. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  16. Schrier R. D., Nelson J. A., Oldstone M. B. Detection of human cytomegalovirus in peripheral blood lymphocytes in a natural infection. Science. 1985 Nov 29;230(4729):1048–1051. doi: 10.1126/science.2997930. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  17. Siekevitz M., Josephs S. F., Dukovich M., Peffer N., Wong-Staal F., Greene W. C. Activation of the HIV-1 LTR by T cell mitogens and the trans-activator protein of HTLV-I. Science. 1987 Dec 11;238(4833):1575–1578. doi: 10.1126/science.2825351. [DOI] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  18. Stinski M. F., Roehr T. J. Activation of the major immediate early gene of human cytomegalovirus by cis-acting elements in the promoter-regulatory sequence and by virus-specific trans-acting components. J Virol. 1985 Aug;55(2):431–441. doi: 10.1128/jvi.55.2.431-441.1985. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  19. Stinski M. F., Thomsen D. R., Stenberg R. M., Goldstein L. C. Organization and expression of the immediate early genes of human cytomegalovirus. J Virol. 1983 Apr;46(1):1–14. doi: 10.1128/jvi.46.1.1-14.1983. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  20. Thomsen D. R., Stenberg R. M., Goins W. F., Stinski M. F. Promoter-regulatory region of the major immediate early gene of human cytomegalovirus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1984 Feb;81(3):659–663. doi: 10.1073/pnas.81.3.659. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]
  21. de Wet J. R., Wood K. V., DeLuca M., Helinski D. R., Subramani S. Firefly luciferase gene: structure and expression in mammalian cells. Mol Cell Biol. 1987 Feb;7(2):725–737. doi: 10.1128/mcb.7.2.725. [DOI] [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]

Articles from Molecular and Cellular Biology are provided here courtesy of Taylor & Francis

RESOURCES