. 2008 Dec 29;13(3):454–471. doi: 10.1111/j.1582-4934.2008.00639.x

2.

Changes in blood level of CEC in patients with cardiovascular and other diseases

Disease/condition	CEC changes and phenotypes					Methods	Main finding(s)	Reference
	Anatomic origin			Activation				Apoptosis
Coronary angioplasty	↑				IMS	CEC elevation indicative of traumatic vessel wall injury	[12]
Acute coronary syndromes	↑	CD36	ICAM-1, TF+	10%	IMS	CEC elevation indicative of injury	[26]
				IMS					CEC elevation earlier and independent of troponin 1	[27]
				IMS					CEC level correlated with vWF, IL6 are predictive of MACE	[28]
Heart failure	↑				IMS	CEC correlated inversely with FMD and positively with vWF and sTF	[29]
Diabetes mellitus	↑				IMS	CEC levels independent of plasma glucose level and HbA1c	[30]
Thrombotic microangiopathy	↑	CD36			IMS	CEC level correlated with prognosis	[31]
Stroke	↑				IMS	CEC level correlated with sE-selectin and vWF	[32]
Pulmonary hypertension	↑	CD36	E sel		IMS	CEC correlated with SBP and DBP	[33]
Sickle cell anaemia	↑	CD36	ICAM-1, E sel, VCAM-1,TF+,	80%	IMS	Elevated CEC correlated with crisis	[34]
Haemodialysis	↑				IMS	CEC are predictive of cardiovascular events	[35]
Kidney transplantation	↑↓				IMS	CEC are indicative of vascular rejection	[36]
				IMS					CEC decrease 1-year post-transplant and correlated with IS treatment	[37]
HSC transplantation	↑				IMS	CEC correlated with intensity of conditioning treatment	[38]
Systemic sclerosis	↑		ICAM-1, E sel		FCM	Total and activated CEC correlated with disease activity score and the severity of pulmonary hypertension	[39]
Vasculitis	↑		TF+		IMS	CEC correlated with disease severity and with IS treatment	[40]
Systemic lupus	↑		Nitrotyrosine	100%	FCM	CEC level inversely correlated with FMD and positively with vWF and sTF	[41]
				FCM					CEC correlated with disease severity; plasma c3a	[42]