Table 3.
Pooled Relative Risk Ratios (95% confidence intervals) for Associations Between Gait Speed and 3-Year Incident Disability Risk, Death, and Missing Outcome Data
| Operational Definition of Gait Speed Predictor | Men | Women | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bathing/Dressing Dependence | Mobility Difficulty | Bathing/Dressing Dependence | Mobility Difficulty | |||||||||
| Yes | Unknown: (close to) Death | Unknown: Other Reason | Yes | Unknown: (close to) Death | Unknown: Other Reason | Yes | Unknown: (close to) Death | Unknown: Other Reason | Yes | Unknown: (close to) Death | Unknown: Other Reason | |
| Continuous: | ||||||||||||
| 0.1 m/s greater | 0.68*** (0.57– 0.81) |
0.82*** (0.75–0.90) |
0.89** (0.90–1.00) |
0.74*** (0.68–0.82) |
0.83*** (0.74–0.94) |
0.85** (0.74–0.96) |
0.74*** (0.66–0.82) |
0.81*** (0.78–0.84) |
0.88*** (0.82–0.93) |
0.73*** (0.67–0.80) |
0.76*** (0.73–0.79) |
0.86*** (0.79–0.94) |
| Categorical: | ||||||||||||
| <0.4 vs 0.8– 1.0 m/s | 5.89*** (1.62–21.5) |
2.95*** (1.55–5.63) |
1.29 (0.58–2.86) |
3.80*** (1.53–9.47) |
3.39 (0.70–16.4) |
3.71 (0.62–22.1) |
6.29** (1.32–29.9) |
2.71*** (1.40–5.25) |
2.72*** (1.59–4.66) |
4.75*** (1.60–14.1) |
2.49*** (1.29–4.81) |
3.73*** (1.88–7.42) |
| 0.4–0.6 vs 0.8–1.0 m/s | 4.75** (1.07–21.1) |
3.13*** (2.05–4.77) |
1.23 (0.70–2.18) |
4.87*** (2.23–10.7) |
2.98*** (1.35–6.62) |
1.88** (1.06–3.33) |
5.79* (0.85–39.5) |
1.43 (0.45–4.49) |
2.93** (1.12–7.69) |
4.74*** (2.01–11.1) |
3.06*** (1.42–6.57) |
1.91 (0.37–9.87) |
| 0.6–0.8 vs 0.8–1.0 m/s | 3.99*** (1.67–9.55) |
1.83*** (1.37–2.44) |
1.36* (0.97–1.90) |
2.00*** (1.38–2.88) |
1.71*** (1.26–2.32) |
1.43** (1.03–2.01) |
2.28*** (1.24–4.21) |
1.71*** (1.30–2.24) |
1.99*** (1.55–2.55) |
1.99*** (1.67–2.38) |
3.12 (0.52–19.0) |
1.47* (1.00–2.17) |
| 0.8–1.0 m/s (reference) | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| 1.0–1.2 vs 0.8–1.0 m/s | 0.94 (0.41–2.12) |
0.83** (0.48–1.43) |
0.67 (0.49–0.92) |
0.52*** (0.41–0.66) |
0.71 (0.43–1.18) |
0.55*** (0.40–0.74) |
0.75 (0.48–1.17) |
0.70*** (0.58–0.86) |
0.79* (0.62–1.01) |
0.48*** (0.47–0.48) |
0.67** (0.47–0.97) |
0.70*** (0.55–0.90) |
| 1.2–1.4 vs 0.8–1.0 m/s | 0.44* (0.03–5.67) |
0.57 (0.34–0.96) |
0.42 (0.22–0.80) |
0.34*** (0.26–0.45) |
0.42*** (0.24–0.73) |
0.39 (0.11–1.39) |
0.69 (0.34–1.39) |
0.68*** (0.67–0.69) |
0.83 (0.41–1.68) |
0.28*** (0.21–0.37) |
0.46*** (0.30–0.70) |
0.86 (0.53–1.41) |
| 1.4+ vs 0.8– 1.0 m/s | 0.77 (0.14–4.18) |
0.44*** (0.26–0.76) |
0.34*** (0.18–0.65) |
0.22*** (0.16–0.32) |
0.35*** (0.20–0.60) |
0.24*** (0.13–0.47) |
0.95 (0.08–11.1) |
0.62 (0.22–1.74) |
0.96 (0.45–2.05) |
0.31** (0.11–0.86) |
0.29*** (0.13–0.67) |
0.68 (0.28–1.64) |
Notes: NE = not estimable.
*p < .10, **p < .05, ***p < .01.