Table 2.
Means and standard deviations of study variables (raw and residualized gain scores)
| Study variables | Time period | HMTW
|
Control
|
ES* | 95% CI | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | M (SD) | n | M (SD) | ||||
| PCFP proportion of codable intervals with parental responsivity | |||||||
| Raw scores | T1 | 21 | .32 (.06) | 24 | .29 (.08) | .41 | [−.18, 1.00] |
| T2 | 25 | .37 (.10) | 20 | .33 (.07) | .57 | [−.04, 1.18] | |
| T3 | 23 | .34 (.07) | 24 | .30 (.10) | .40 | [−.19, 1.00] | |
| Residualized gain scores | T1 to T2 | 17 | .02 (.09) | 16 | −.03 (.07) | .71 | [−.01, 1.44] |
| T1 to T3 | 17 | .03 (.08) | 20 | −.02 (.10) | .50 | [−.18, 1.18] | |
| ESCS frequency of initiating joint attention | |||||||
| Raw scores | T1 | 30 | 5.90 (5.41) | 29 | 5.59 (6.14) | .05 | [−.46, .56] |
| T2 | 28 | 8.11 (8.53) | 23 | 9.26 (9.77) | −.12 | [−.69, .44] | |
| T3 | 24 | 10.33 (9.82) | 25 | 8.68 (9.26) | .17 | [−.40, .75] | |
| Residualized gain scores | T1 to T2 | 26 | .00 (.38) | 23 | .00 (.39) | .00 | [−.58, .58] |
| T1 to T3 | 23 | .06 (1.21) | 25 | −.06 (1.01) | .12 | [−.46, .70] | |
| ESCS frequency of initiating behavior requests | |||||||
| Raw scores | T1 | 30 | 11.87 (10.09) | 29 | 9.00 (6.22) | .34 | [−.17, .85] |
| T2 | 28 | 14.32 (13.04) | 23 | 12.22 (8.85) | .24 | [−.33, .80] | |
| T3 | 24 | 16.50 (14.33) | 25 | 15.48 (13.20) | .08 | [−.50, .65] | |
| Residualized gain scores | T1 to T2 | 26 | .00 (1.58) | 23 | .00 (1.07) | .00 | [−.58, .58] |
| T1 to T3 | 23 | .03 (.34) | 25 | −.03 (.37) | .16 | [−.42, .74] | |
| PCFP weighted frequency of intentional communication | |||||||
| Raw scores | T1 | 20 | 5.55 (6.29) | 20 | 8.20 (12.63) | −.26 | [−.88, .37] |
| T2 | 24 | 16.96 (14.62) | 19 | 21.26 (27.52) | −.16 | [−.78, .47] | |
| T3 | 22 | 18.91 (20.50) | 24 | 20.75 (21.14) | −.09 | [−.69, .51] | |
| Residualized gain scores | T1 to T2 | 15 | .00 (1.48) | 12 | .00 (2.66) | .00 | [−.80, .80] |
| T1 to T3 | 15 | .18 (1.69) | 17 | −.16 (2.21) | .15 | [−.57, .88] | |
| PIA-CV nonverbal communication | |||||||
| Raw scores | T1 | 31 | 2.30 (.64) | 23 | 2.28 (.73) | .00 | [−.54, .54] |
| T2 | 27 | 2.78 (.60) | 20 | 2.84 (.68) | −.15 | [−.74, .45] | |
| T3 | 23 | 2.89 (.67) | 24 | 2.92 (.65) | .00 | [−.59, .59] | |
| Residualized gain scores | T1 to T2 | 27 | .00 (.49) | 16 | .00 (.58) | .00 | [−.64, .64] |
| T1 to T3 | 23 | −.05 (.63) | 20 | .06 (.58) | −.19 | [−.81, .43] | |
Note: PCFP = Parent–Child Free Play; ESCS = Early Social Communication Scales; PIA-CV = Parent Interview for Autism–Clinical Version; T1 = Time 1; T2 = Time 2; T3 = Time 3.
*
Hedge’s g is used at Time 1 and Glass’s delta is used at other times and for all gain scores (Glass, 1977).