Table 5.
Risk of ASD Associated with Maternal Immune Conditions Present by Date of Delivery of Index Child, Stratified by Child Sex and ASD Subtypes, Study to Explore Early Development, 2003–2006 Births
| Maternal exposure | ASD vs POP Adj OR* (95% CI) | ASD (n/N) | POP (n/N) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Autoimmune (all) | 1.29 (0.97–1.70) | 131/663 | 155/915 |
| Male | 1.32 (0.95–1.83) | 107/546 | 80/496 |
| Female | 1.20 (0.70–1.86) | 24/117 | 75/419 |
| With ID^ | 0.95 (0.67–1.35) | 62/414 | 155/915 |
| Without ID^ | 1.93 (1.36–2.74) | 69/249 | 155/915 |
| Simplex | 1.21 (0.91–1.62) | 114/606 | 155/915 |
| Multiplex | 2.27 (1.20–4.28) | 17/57 | 155/915 |
| Regression | 1.25 (0.82–1.92) | 37/188 | 155/915 |
| No Regression | 1.31 (0.96–1.78) | 94/475 | 155/915 |
| Mild/Moderate ASD | 1.46 (1.06–2.01) | 86/397 | 155/915 |
| Severe ASD | 1.03 (0.70–1.53) | 44/264 | 155/915 |
| Eczema/Psoriasis | 1.39 (1.00–1.95) | 89/663 | 95/915 |
| Male | 1.50 (1.01–2.22) | 75/546 | 50/496 |
| Female | 1.06 (0.53–2.09) | 14/117 | 45/419 |
| With ID^ | 0.97 (0.63–1.49) | 39/414 | 95/915 |
| Without ID^ | 2.17 (1.45–3.25) | 50/249 | 95/915 |
| Simplex^ | 1.24 (0.87–1.75) | 74/606 | 95/915 |
| Multiplex^ | 3.37 (1.70–6.68) | 15/57 | 95/915 |
| Regression | 1.41 (0.85–2.32) | 26/188 | 95/915 |
| No Regression | 1.40 (0.97–2.02) | 63/475 | 95/915 |
| Mild/Moderate ASD | 1.59 (1.09–2.32) | 60/397 | 95/915 |
| Severe ASD | 1.04 (0.65–1.68) | 28/264 | 95/915 |
| Asthma | 1.26 (0.99–1.60) | 198/663 | 233/915 |
| Male | 1.30 (0.98–1.72) | 165/546 | 123/496 |
| Female | 1.15 (0.71–1.86) | 33/117 | 110/419 |
| With ID | 1.41 (1.07–1.87) | 129/414 | 233/915 |
| Without ID | 1.08 (0.77–1.50) | 69/249 | 233/915 |
| Simplex | 1.23 (0.96–1.57) | 178/606 | 233/915 |
| Multiplex | 1.62 (0.89–2.94) | 20/57 | 233/915 |
| Regression | 1.56 (1.09–2.22) | 67/188 | 233/915 |
| No Regression | 1.16 (0.88–1.52) | 131/475 | 233/915 |
| Mild/Moderate ASD | 1.40 (1.06–1.85) | 128/397 | 233/915 |
| Severe ASD | 1.09 (0.78–1.53) | 70/264 | 233/915 |
| Allergy | 1.13 (0.91–1.41) | 336/663 | 463/915 |
| Male | 1.16 (0.89–1.50) | 282/546 | 260/496 |
| Female | 1.02 (0.65–1.58) | 54/117 | 203/419 |
| With ID | 1.09 (0.84–1.41) | 196/414 | 463/915 |
| Without ID | 1.19 (0.88–1.61) | 140/249 | 463/915 |
| Simplex | 1.11 (0.88–1.39) | 304/606 | 463/915 |
| Multiplex | 1.53 (0.86–2.73) | 32/57 | 463/915 |
| Regression | 1.19 (0.85–1.68) | 98/188 | 463/915 |
| No Regression | 1.12 (0.88–1.43) | 238/475 | 463/915 |
| Mild/Moderate ASD | 1.28 (0.99–1.66) | 212/397 | 463/915 |
| Severe ASD | 0.95 (0.71–1.29) | 122/264 | 463/915 |
*
Adjusted for child sex, family current income, maternal age, race, and education.
^
Test for heterogeneity P < 0.005.