Table 3. Initial symptoms and laboratory analyses of dead patients with COVID-19.
| Initial clinical features, symptoms, laboratory analyses, treatment, and survival time | |
|---|---|
| Initial symptoms | |
| Fever | 64/82 (78.0) |
| Temperature, °C | 38.8 (38.0–39.0) |
| Fatigue | 38/82 (46.3) |
| Cough | 53/82 (64.6) |
| Nasal congestion | 1/82 (1.2) |
| Sore throat | 4/82 (4.9) |
| Diarrhea | 10/82 (12.2) |
| Vomiting | 2/82 (2.3) |
| Chest tightness | 36/82 (43.9) |
| Shortness of breath | 52/82 (63.4) |
| Consciousness problem | 17/82 (20.7) |
| Complete blood count | |
| Neutrophil count, × 109/L | 6.8 (4.5–11.5) |
| Neutrophil count <1.8 × 109/L | 2/74 (2.7) |
| Neutrophil count >6.3 × 109/L | 55/74 (74.3) |
| Lymphocyte count, × 109/L | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) |
| Lymphocyte count <1.0 × 109/L | 66/74 (89.2) |
| Monocyte count, × 109/L | 0.3 (0.2–0.5) |
| Platelet count, × 109/L | 148.5 (102.0–206.0) |
| Platelet count <100 × 109/L | 18/74 (24.3) |
| Platelet count >400 × 109/L | 10/74 (13.5) |
| Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio | 14.4 (7.1–25.8) |
| Neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio >5 | 69/73 (94.5) |
| Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio | 235.0 (259.0–442.0) |
| Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio >200 | 55/74 (74.3) |
| Systemic immune-inflammation index | 1966.1 (923.1–3206.5) |
| Systemic immune-inflammation index >500 | 66/74 (89.2) |
| Oxygen saturation, median (range), % | 77.0 (65.5–85.0) |
| Oxygen saturation <94% | 27/28 (96.4) |
| Blood biochemical analysis | |
| C-reactive protein level, U/L | 11.7 (63.3–186.6) |
| C-reactive protein level >10U/L | 58/58 (100.0) |
| Alanine aminotransferase, U/L | 26.0 (18.5–47.5) |
| Alanine aminotransferase >40U/L | 22/72 (30.6) |
| Aspartate aminotransferase, U/L | 72.0 (30.0–71.0) |
| Aspartate aminotransferase >40U/L | 44/72 (61.1) |
| Total bilirubin, mmol/L | 13.6 (10.0–22.9) |
| Total bilirubin >20.5mmol/L | 22/72 (30.6) |
| Albumin, g/L | 33.1 (30.3–36.9) |
| Albumin <40g/L | 56/72 (77.8) |
| Potassium, mmol/L | 4.1 (3.7–4.4) |
| Potassium >5.5mmol/L | 16/72 (22.2) |
| Sodium, mmol/L | 141 (138.0–144.5) |
| Blood urea nitrogen, mmol/L | 8.6 (6.0–14.8) |
| Blood urea nitrogen >8.8mmol/L | 35/72 (48.6) |
| Creatinine, μmol/L | 78.0 (56.0–111.0) |
| Creatinine >133μmol/L | 11/72 (15.3) |
| Creatine kinase, U/L | 107.5 (56–336.5) |
| Creatine kinase >200 U/L | 25/72 (34.7) |
| Myoglobin, μg/L | 124.9 (71.1–392.3) |
| Myoglobin >110μg/L | 42/70 (60.0) |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, U/L | 515.0 (365.0–755.0) |
| Lactate dehydrogenase >250 U/L | 68/73 (93.2) |
| Creatine kinase-MB, ng/ml | 2.6 (1.2–5.3) |
| Creatine kinase-MB >5ng/ml | 21/70 (30.0) |
| NT-pro B-type natriuretic peptide, pg/ml | 122.0 (106.0–140.0) |
| Cardiac troponin T, pg/ml | 0.1 (0.1–0.7) |
| Cardiac troponin T >0.04pg/ml | 52/60 (86.7) |
| Procalcitonin, ng/ml | 0.3 (0.1–1.1) |
| Procalcitonin >0.1 ng/ml | 56/69 (81.2) |
| Prothrombin time, s | 13.2 (12.3–14.3) |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time, s | 29.4 (22.5–63.2) |
| D-dimer, mg/L | 5.1 (2.2–21.5) |
| D-dimer >0.55mg/L | 66/68 (97.1) |
| Cell immunity, × 109/L | |
| CD3+ cell count | 245.0 (45.6–67.8) |
| CD3+ cell count <723 × 109/L | 54/58 (93.1) |
| CD4+ cell count | 32.9 (26.0–42.1) |
| CD4+ cell count <404 × 109/L | 34/58 (58.6) |
| CD8+ cell count | 16.5 (10.9–26.5) |
| CD8+ cell count <220 × 109/L | 57/58 (98.3) |
| CD4+/CD8+ | 1.9 (1.2–3.0) |
| CD4+/CD8+>2 | 28/58 (48.3) |
| CD19+ cell count | 17.7 (10.3–25.5) |
| CD19+ cell count <80 × 109/L | 30/58 (51.7) |
| CD16+CD56+ cell count | 17.2 (11.6–27.5) |
| CD16+CD56+ cell count <84 × 109/L | 58/58 (100) |
| Humoral immunity, g/L | |
| IgG 7 | 12.9 (10.8–16.8) |
| IgG 7 >7g/L | 55/56 (98.2) |
| IgM | 0.9 (0.7–1.3) |
| IgM >0.4g/L | 52/56 (92.9) |
| IgA | 2.6 (1.9–3.7) |
| IgA >0.7g/L | 56/56 (100) |
| IgE | 61.5 (26.2–155.5) |
| IgE >100g/L | 23/56 (96.4) |
| C3 | 0.9 (0.8–1.1) |
| C3>0.9g/L | 35/56 (62.5) |
| C4 | 0.2 (0.2–0.3) |
| C4>0.1g/L | 54/56 (96.4) |
| Interleukin 6, pg/ml | 93.8 (64.5–258.0) |
| Interleukin 6 >10pg/ml | 11/11 (100) |
| Nosocomial infection | 5/82 (6.1) |
| Intensive care unit admission | 14/82 (17.1) |
Data are presented as median (IQR), or n/N (%), where N represents the total number of patients with COVID-19 with available data.