TABLE 1.
Association between antibiotic resistance and integrons in 120 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae
| Antibiotic | Date of discoverya | % Resistance of int-positive strainsb (total no. of isolates) | % Resistance of int-negative strainsc (total no. of isolates) | % Resistance of total (total no. of isolates) | Association with integrond |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aminoglycosides | |||||
| Streptomycin | 1944 | 81.4 (48) | 16.4 (10) | 48.3 (58) | <0.0001 |
| Kanamycin | 1957 | 22.0 (13) | 1.6 (1) | 11.7 (14) | 0.0004 |
| Gentamicin | 1963 | 16.9 (10) | 3.3 (2) | 10.0 (12) | 0.0151 |
| Tobramycin | 1968 | 16.3 (9) | 3.3 (2) | 9.2 (11) | 0.0283 |
| Amikacin | 1972 | 3.4 (2) | 1.6 (1) | 2.5 (3) | 0.6155 |
| Netilmicin | 1976 | 3.4 (2) | 1.6 (1) | 2.5 (3) | 0.6155 |
| Antifolates | |||||
| Sulfafurazole | 1932 | 91.5 (54) | 27.9 (17) | 59.2 (71) | <0.0001 |
| Trimethoprim | 1961 | 62.7 (37) | 9.8 (6) | 35.8 (43) | <0.0001 |
| Carbapenem | |||||
| Imipenem | 1983 | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | |
| Cephalosporins | |||||
| Cephalexin | 1969 | 11.9 (7) | 6.6 (4) | 9.2 (11) | 0.5257 |
| Cefotaxime | 1976 | 11.9 (7) | 6.6 (4) | 9.2 (11) | 0.5555 |
| Cefotetan | 1981 | 1.7 (1) | 1.6 (1) | 1.7 (2) | 1.0000 |
| Penicillin | |||||
| Ampicillin | 1961 | 89.8 (53) | 39.3 (24) | 64.2 (77) | <0.0001 |
| Augmentin | 1977 | 8.5 (5) | 8.2 (5) | 8.3 (10) | 0.3910 |
| Other | |||||
| Chloramphenicol | 1947 | 30.5 (18) | 4.9 (3) | 17.5 (21) | 0.0002 |
| Tetracycline | 1948 | 52.5 (31) | 26.2 (16) | 39.2 (47) | 0.0048 |
| Nitrofurantoin | 1953 | 23.7 (14) | 19.7 (12) | 21.7 (26) | 0.6606 |
| Norfloxacin | 1980 | 10.2 (6) | 1.6 (1) | 5.8 (7) | 0.1111 |
a
Data obtained from reference 12.
b
Total number of int-positive bacteria, 59.
c
Total number of int-negative bacteria, 61.
d
Significant values are in bold.