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. 2022 Oct 17;12(10):1727. doi: 10.3390/jpm12101727

Table 7.

Metabolites and their pathways which correlate with autism symptoms.

Significant Metabolites Significant Pathways
Metabolite r Pathway Matched Metabolites Impact
Phenylpyruvic acid *** −0.44 Glyoxylate and dicarboxylate
Metabolism ***		 Citrate *, L-Serine **, Glycine *,
Isocitrate *, L-Glutamine * 		0.18
Cytidine *** 0.42
5-Aminolevulinic acid *** −0.39 Valine, leucine and isoleucine
Biosynthesis **		 3-Methyl-2-oxobutanoic acid *,
4-Methyl-2-oxopentanoate *** 		0
3S-methyl-2-oxo-pentanoic acid *** −0.38
4-Hydroxyproline ** −0.36 Aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis ** L-Glutamine *, Glycine *,
L-Serine **, L-Alanine * 		0.17
L-3-Phenyllactic acid ** −0.36
Taurine ** 0.35 Alanine, aspartate and glutamate
Metabolism *		 L-Alanine *, L-Glutamine *, Citrate * 0.11
Citraconic acid ** −0.35
Ketoleucine ** −0.35 Glycine, serine and threonine
Metabolism *		 L-Serine **, Glycine *,
5-Aminolevulinate *** 		0.46
1-Methylhistamine ** 0.33
D-Leucic acid ** −0.32 Pentose and glucuronate
Interconversions *		 Xylitol *, D-Glucuronate ** 0.3
Glucuronic acid ** −0.32
Amiloride ** 0.30 Citrate cycle (TCA Cycle) * Isocitrate *, Citrate * 0.14
L-Serine ** 0.29
Xylitol * 0.29
Isocitric acid * −0.28
Glycine * 0.27
DL-Acetylcarnitine * 0.25
L-Glutamine * 0.25
Dihydroxyacetone * 0.25
trans-Aconitic acid * −0.25
Citric acid * −0.25
Capric acid * −0.24
L-Alanine * −0.24
2-Aminoisobutyric acid * 0.24
Isobutyric acid * 0.23
2,3,4,5-Tetrahydroxypentanoic acid * 0.23
4-Pyridoxic acid * 0.23
D-Ribose 5-phosphate * 0.23
Alpha-ketoisovaleric acid * −0.22

* p ≤ 0.05, ** p ≤ 0.01; *** p ≤ 0.001.